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Intestinal diseases often do not immediately make themselves felt. In addition, people are embarrassed to go to the doctor with such problems. And very in vain. On the Day of the Coloproctologist, which is celebrated on October 26, aif.ru told about these diseases and how to prevent them Director of the A.N. Ryzhykh National Research Center for Coloproctology of the Ministry of Health of Russia Professor Sergey Achkasov.

What are the diseases

Coloproctological diseases are extremely heterogeneous. For convenience, they can be divided into tumor and non-tumor.

  • Colon cancer is the most aggressive malignant disease. In 2020, in Russia, the incidence of colon cancer in the structure of oncological diseases came in third place, and mortality — in second place. Identification of patients with early forms of cancer and precancerous conditions is guaranteed when performing total colonoscopy — the «gold standard» in the diagnosis of colon diseases.
  • Irritable bowel syndrome is one of the most common non-tumor diseases of the colon. It affects from 10 to 13% of the population, more often women, the diagnosis is mainly established at the age of 30 to 50 years.
  • Ulcerative colitis is a chronic immune-mediated disease. The incidence ranges from 0.6 to 24.3 per 100 thousand people. The peak incidence is observed between 20 and 30 years of age, and the second peak — in 60-70 years.
  • Hemorrhoids are one of the most common diseases and the most common reason for visiting a coloproctologist. Treatment of hemorrhoids has been described in ancient China and Greece. The disease most often develops in patients of young working age (from 20 to 50 years). The prevalence of the disease is 130-145 per thousand adults. The cause of the disease is an acute or chronic circulatory disorder that occurs as a result of constipation, unstable stools, a sedentary lifestyle, heavy physical exertion, pregnancy and childbirth.

What prevention

Prevention of the development of many diseases of the gastrointestinal tract is a healthy balanced diet, prevention of constipation, moderate regular exercise, adherence to a hygienic regimen and timely access to a coloproctologist when the first alarming symptoms appear.

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