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Even 20–30 years ago, the choice of ortho­pe­dic struc­tures for the restora­tion of destroyed or lost teeth was very lim­it­ed. All of them can be con­di­tion­al­ly divid­ed into remov­able and non-remov­able. But den­tistry is devel­op­ing, and today patients are offered a wide range of designs that allow them to save even hope­less teeth and restore the den­ti­tion with fixed den­tures.

Types of dentures for adults

Ortho­pe­dic den­tistry offers a wide range of designs aimed at restor­ing lost tis­sues, one or more teeth with fixed den­tures in adults.

Tabs

These are micro­pros­the­ses that restore the anatom­i­cal integri­ty of the tooth. Inlays are rec­om­mend­ed to be installed when the car­i­ous cav­i­ty is exten­sive or one or two walls of the tooth are destroyed. Such designs have a num­ber of advan­tages:

• com­plete restora­tion of the integri­ty of the tooth;
• strength — they with­stand chew­ing pres­sure, the risk of chip­ping and fur­ther destruc­tion is min­i­mal;
• are not erased and prac­ti­cal­ly do not stain (ceram­ic).

Inserts are made from var­i­ous mate­ri­als.

Ceram­ic. They are con­sid­ered more reli­able, they are made by an indi­rect method, that is, either in the lab­o­ra­to­ry accord­ing to indi­vid­ual casts, or using com­put­er CAD / CAM tech­nolo­gies, when dig­i­tal impres­sions are tak­en, the restora­tion is mod­eled in a spe­cial pro­gram and it is machined with jew­el­ry pre­ci­sion on the machine. The entire pro­ce­dure takes 60–90 min­utes.

From an alloy of gold. Now the least pop­u­lar, but the most reli­able, because gold is a bio­com­pat­i­ble and bac­te­ri­ci­dal mate­r­i­al with suf­fi­cient soft­ness. After instal­la­tion, gold par­ti­cles grad­u­al­ly pen­e­trate into the tis­sues of the tooth, and there is nev­er sec­ondary caries around such inlays. The only draw­back is aes­thet­ics, so it is best to use only on chew­ing teeth.

Crowns

This is an ortho­pe­dic con­struc­tion that restores a severe­ly dam­aged tooth in the most dif­fi­cult cas­es. Indi­ca­tions for crowns will be:

• sig­nif­i­cant destruc­tion of the tooth crown — mod­ern tech­nolo­gies restore even those teeth that do not have a crown part com­plete­ly, but on con­di­tion that the root is in good con­di­tion: with the help of a pin-stump tab, a tooth stump is formed with sup­port at the root, and then a crown is installed;
• aes­thet­ic prob­lems that can­not be dealt with in oth­er ways, such as large chips, cracks, dis­col­oration due to non-car­i­ous lesions or injuries;
• patho­log­i­cal abra­sion of enam­el — in this case, pros­thet­ics is the only way to save teeth from destruc­tion and loss.

Bridges

In the absence of one or more teeth in cas­es where implan­ta­tion can­not be car­ried out, bridges are made. Their instal­la­tion implies the pres­ence of sup­port­ing teeth on both sides of the defect.

Bridges have an exten­sive clas­si­fi­ca­tion and design fea­tures, depend­ing on the area of ​​pros­thet­ics.

• Met­al-ceram­ic. Dif­fer in dura­bil­i­ty and are estab­lished in the field of chew­ing teeth. But in some cas­es, the met­al can shine through a thin lay­er of ceram­ic at the neck of the tooth, which gives the edge of the gums a gray­ish tint, so such struc­tures are not installed on the teeth includ­ed in the smile zone.
• Ceram­ic on a frame­work from zir­co­ni­um diox­ide. High­ly aes­thet­ic con­struc­tions, in no way infe­ri­or in strength to the pre­vi­ous ones, but win­ning in terms of aes­thet­ics.
• Plas­tic and met­al-plas­tic. A bud­get option for pros­thet­ics, but it has a short ser­vice life, so such designs are often con­sid­ered as a tem­po­rary mea­sure.

Advantages of dentures

The advan­tages of den­tures in adults depend on its type. For exam­ple, the main advan­tage of inlays is the abil­i­ty to save a tooth from fur­ther destruc­tion and sub­se­quent loss, even if only one root remains from it. And these are more durable con­struc­tions in com­par­i­son with fill­ing mate­r­i­al. Dur­ing pre­ven­tive exam­i­na­tions, den­tists eval­u­ate not only the con­di­tion of the oral cav­i­ty, but also the fill­ings. Mod­ern fill­ing mate­ri­als are able to with­stand the chew­ing load, but over time they are erased and stained, while ceram­ics are resis­tant to such fac­tors.

Crowns are an oppor­tu­ni­ty to hide pro­nounced aes­thet­ic defects, chips and frac­tures, to save a tooth from fur­ther destruc­tion. Prop­er­ly select­ed crowns made using com­put­er tech­nol­o­gy can last a long time.

The sit­u­a­tion is more com­pli­cat­ed with bridges — they do more harm than good. Their main advan­tages: aes­thet­ics and com­plete restora­tion of chew­ing func­tion, and price. This is a bud­get option, although in the long run it is rather con­tro­ver­sial.

Cons of dentures

It is dif­fi­cult to eval­u­ate and name the dis­ad­van­tages that are char­ac­ter­is­tic of all types of pros­the­ses: each has its own. For exam­ple, if we com­pare tabs and fill­ings, then the for­mer lose in price, but their capa­bil­i­ties can­not be over­es­ti­mat­ed. In the long term, pros­thet­ics with tabs will be the only right deci­sion and will save you from fur­ther waste of time and mon­ey.

Among the dis­ad­van­tages of man­u­fac­tur­ing crowns include the need to grind teeth, and some­times these are healthy tis­sues, as well as the lim­it­ed ser­vice life of crowns — an aver­age of 10–15 years.

There are even more dis­ad­van­tages of bridge pros­the­ses. It’s worth start­ing with the sup­port­ing teeth, which need to be ground and it is they who will take on the addi­tion­al chew­ing load. As not­ed den­tist Dina Solod­kaya, teeth that serve as a sup­port for a bridge pros­the­sis have a short “life”. Already after 10–15 years, they begin to col­lapse, and the ques­tion aris­es of the need to man­u­fac­ture a new bridge pros­the­sis of greater length, if at all such a pos­si­bil­i­ty remains. There­fore, in case of loss of one or more teeth, the best solu­tion would be den­tal implan­ta­tion — the only method that does not require grind­ing of adja­cent teeth and allows you to com­plete­ly stop the destruc­tive process­es in the bone tis­sue.

To the point

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Prices for dentures

Prices for den­tures vary and depend on the cho­sen design and region of res­i­dence. They also com­pare the cost of alter­na­tives.

Com­pared to implan­ta­tion, bridges are cheap­er, but in the long run they are more expen­sive. But, in addi­tion to mon­ey, you also have to spend time and health.

Reviews of doctors about dentures

Fixed den­tures are some­times the only way to save a tooth from destruc­tion and loss. With the help of com­put­er tech­nol­o­gy, mod­ern mate­ri­als, accu­rate restora­tions are cre­at­ed that are indis­tin­guish­able from nat­ur­al teeth. Care­ful and com­plete oral care, time­ly vis­its to the doc­tor are an oppor­tu­ni­ty to extend the life of pros­the­ses for adults.

But if we are talk­ing about the restora­tion of lost teeth, then fixed pros­thet­ics is a dis­ser­vice. This is a bud­get oppor­tu­ni­ty to restore lost func­tions and aes­thet­ics in a rel­a­tive­ly short peri­od of time. But the ortho­pe­dic con­struc­tion is not eter­nal, and its aver­age ser­vice life is 10–15 years. After that, the design will have to be redone to a more volu­mi­nous, there­fore, expen­sive one, which is addi­tion­al­ly asso­ci­at­ed with finan­cial expens­es, stress and wor­ries.

With­in the frame­work of gen­tle den­tistry, it is dif­fi­cult to rec­om­mend the man­u­fac­ture of bridges, and the only accept­able option in this case is implan­ta­tion.

Popular questions and answers

There are many nuances in the choice of den­tures for adults, their pros and cons, depend­ing on the clin­i­cal pic­ture and the wish­es of the patient. Not sur­pris­ing­ly, many ques­tions remain. And the most pop­u­lar answers den­tist, implan­tol­o­gist, ortho­pe­dist Dina Solod­kaya.